一、概述
近些年來，國內多處變電(dian)站因雷擊形成(cheng)擴(kuo)大(da)事故，多數與地(di)網接地(di)電(dian)阻不合格有關，因此，必須(xu)大(da)力加強對地(di)網接地(di)電(dian)阻的定期監測(ce)。
運行(xing)中(zhong)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站地(di)網(wang)(wang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)量(liang)，由(you)于受系統流(liu)(liu)入(ru)地(di)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)以(yi)及(ji)試(shi)(shi)驗引線(xian)(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)，使測(ce)試(shi)(shi)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)生(sheng)較大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誤(wu)差。特(te)別是(shi)大(da)(da)(da)型接(jie)(jie)地(di)網(wang)(wang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)很(hen)小（一(yi)般在0.5Ω以(yi)下），即使細微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)也會對測(ce)試(shi)(shi)結果(guo)(guo)(guo)產(chan)生(sheng)很(hen)大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。如(ru)果(guo)(guo)(guo)對地(di)網(wang)(wang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)不準確，不僅損壞設備，而且會造成諸如(ru)地(di)網(wang)(wang)誤(wu)改造等(deng)不必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損失。目前，測(ce)試(shi)(shi)接(jie)(jie)地(di)網(wang)(wang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法很(hen)多，其(qi)中(zhong)主(zhu)要是(shi)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)大(da)(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)法和(he)異(yi)頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源法兩種，為(wei)了(le)提高(gao)測(ce)量(liang)精(jing)度，前者(zhe)(zhe)采用(yong)增大(da)(da)(da)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來增大(da)(da)(da)信噪比的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法減小干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，但(dan)增大(da)(da)(da)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)使得(de)設備笨重(zhong)，而且并不能完全解決干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)問題(ti)；后者(zhe)(zhe)主(zhu)要靠改變測(ce)試(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)頻(pin)(pin)率(lv)（一(yi)般為(wei)120Hz左右），從而避(bi)開50Hz工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)，但(dan)這種方法無(wu)法消除測(ce)試(shi)(shi)引線(xian)(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)間干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)，特(te)別是(shi)采用(yong)架空(kong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)作為(wei)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)引線(xian)(xian)(xian)時，誤(wu)差相當大(da)(da)(da)。為(wei)解決該(gai)問題(ti)，湖南省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)工(gong)(gong)業局文件（湘(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)科(ke)(ke)(ke)[1997]111號）“關(guan)于下達(da)(da)1997年科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)、開發(fa)及(ji)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)推(tui)廣計劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通知”第(di)38項下達(da)(da)了(le)“運行(xing)中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)型變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站接(jie)(jie)地(di)網(wang)(wang)接(jie)(jie)地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)與(yu)研(yan)究(jiu)”攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)計劃，與(yu)華中(zhong)理工(gong)(gong)大(da)(da)(da)學聯(lian)合攻(gong)(gong)關(guan)，解決了(le)工(gong)(gong)頻(pin)(pin)流(liu)(liu)入(ru)地(di)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)及(ji)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)引線(xian)(xian)(xian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)(gan)(gan)擾(rao)(rao)(rao)問題(ti)。該(gai)研(yan)究(jiu)成果(guo)(guo)(guo)獲得(de)了(le)華中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)集(ji)團(tuan)科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)進步二等(deng)獎(jiang)，湖南省電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)公(gong)司科(ke)(ke)(ke)技(ji)進步二等(deng)獎(jiang)。
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